What are the basic properties of sound?

The basic properties of sound are defined by pitch, volume, timbre, and duration.

Pitch refers to the frequency of the sound wave, which determines how high or low a sound is perceived. This is crucial in music for creating melodies and harmonies. Volume, or dynamics, relates to the loudness or softness of the sound, influencing the expression of music and the emotional impact it has on listeners. Timbre, often described as the "color" or quality of the sound, distinguishes different voices and instruments from one another, even when they play the same note. Duration refers to the length of time a sound is held, contributing to rhythm and overall musical structure.

These four properties are fundamental in understanding how sound operates in music, as they encompass the essential characteristics that define how sounds are produced, perceived, and manipulated within musical contexts.