What does the term 'improvisation' refer to in music?

The term 'improvisation' in music refers to the spontaneous creation of music. This process involves musicians generating melodies, harmonies, and rhythms on the spot, often responding to what other musicians are playing or to the emotions of the moment. It is a skill that allows for immediate expression and creativity, contrasting with structured composition where music is pre-written and arranged. Improvisation is frequently seen in genres such as jazz, blues, and certain forms of classical music, where performers might take turns creating solos without predetermined notes.

Structured composition, planned performances, and recording involve a level of premeditation and arrangement that is distinct from the free-flowing nature of improvisation. In improvisation, the focus is on the present moment and the interaction between musicians, making it a dynamic and engaging element of live performance.